Participles

Types of Participles

Participles are of three types :

(a) Present Participle,

(b) Past Participle, and

(c) Perfect Participle.

(a) Present Participle : It is made by adding –ing to the First Form of Verb. It shows continuity of work :

He caught a moving bus.

Speaking loudly the boys went away.

He went to school walking.

We saw a passenger carrying luggage on the head.

(b) Past Participle : This is the Third Form of Verb. It shows that the work has finished :

He is a retired man.

The wounded passenger was examined by a doctor.

Enriched by the experience, the people touched the feet of the saint.

The broken table was taken outside.

Afraid, the child started to cry.

(c) Perfect Participle : This is made by having+Verb (III Form). It shows the beginning of the next work after the first has finished :

Having delivered a speech, the leader walked away.

Having invented a new tool, the scientist gave an interview.

Having finished the homework, the children started to play.

Having failed, the girl cried bitterly.

Joining Sentences Using Participles

We can use Participles to join sentences :

*          The tourists saw a historical building. The tourists stopped the bus.

            Seeing a historical building, the tourists stopped the bus.

*          I ironed the clothes. I wore the clothes.

I wore the ironed clothes.

*          The players ran around. They were holding sticks in their hands.

            Holding sticks in their hands, the players ran around.

*          A child threw the ball. The child slipped on the mud.

Having thrown the ball, the child slipped on the mud.

*          The cap was on his head. He ran slowly.

            Cap being on his head, he ran slowly.

*          She finished the homework. She went out.

Having finished the homework, she went out.